1. cause使发生；造成；引起；导致

The bad weather is causing problems for many farmers.恶劣的天气给许多农民造成了困难。

2. give rise to 引起， 导致；造成

He had messed up enough of these occasions to give rise to some anxieties. 他把这些场合搞得一团糟，引起了一些忧虑。

3. bring about导致；引起

What brought about the change in his attitude? 是什么使他改变了态度？

4. lead to 导致；引起

Lack of exercise can lead to feelings of depression and exhaustion. 缺乏锻炼会导致抑郁和疲劳。

5. set off 引发；触发；激起

If he attended a party without his wife, it set off a storm of speculation. 如果他没和妻子一块儿出席宴会，便会招致各种猜测满天飞。

6. touch off 引起，触发某事

Some slight incident may touch off a major war. 一件小事可以触发一场大战。

7. arouse 激起，引起（感情、态度）

Her strange behavior aroused our suspicions.她的古怪行为引起了我们的怀疑。

8. trigger引发，触发

The current recession was triggered by a slump in consumer spending. 目前的经济衰退是由消费支出骤跌引起的。(引起；发动；促使)

9. evoke产生，引起; 唤起

His case is unlikely to evoke public sympathy. 他的情况不大可能引起公众的同情。

10. prompt促使，导致

The discovery of the bomb prompted an increase in security. 此次发现炸弹促使当局加强了安全工作。

11. provoke激起；招致

The article was intended to provoke discussion. 这篇文章旨在引发讨论。

12. stimulate促进；激发；激励

The article can be used to stimulate discussion among students. 这篇文章可用来活跃学生的讨论。

13. induce 引起；导致

Doctors said surgery could induce a heart attack. 医生们说手术有可能引起心脏病发作。