none与nothing之间的区别（none 和any nothing的区别）

一、1、none
1)可与of连用；
2)谓语动词用单或复数；
3)具体指什么人或物；
4)一般用来回答how many n,
how much n及含any n引起的疑问句。请看：
1)None of us have/has seen him.
2)——How many students are there in the room? ——None.
3)——Is there any water in the thermos? ——None.
4)——How much money do you have on you? ——None.
2、Nothing
1)指物；
2)谓语用单数；
3)一般用来回答含anything的一般问句及what引起的特殊问句。请看：
1)——What is in the box? ——Nothing.
2)——Is there anything in the sky? ——Nothing.
3)——Can you see anything without glasses? ——Nothing
先请看下面一道题:
I want some coffee, but there is _______ in the pot.
A. no one B. something C. none D. nothing
很多人选了D,而正确答案却是C。出现错误的原因是弄不清none与nothing的区别。现请看:
1) none = not any, not one 一点也没有；一个也没有，即数量概念。既可指人，也可指物，代指上文提到的事物，含特指概念。如:
He wants me to lend him some money, but I have none at hand.
他想要我借些钱给他,但我现在手头上一个子儿也没有。（特指前面提到的钱）
They asked for nine books, but there is / are none in the library at
present. 他们需要九本书,但目前图书馆一本都没有。（特指前面提到的书）
2) nothing = not anything, 意为"没有任何东西;什么也没有"，强调内容，只能指物，泛指。如:
He felt hungry, but he could find nothing to eat in the kitchen.
他饿了,但在厨房里他没有找到吃的东西。（泛指所有吃的东西，不是特指某一种）
Nothing in the world is difficult if you put your heart into it.世上无难事,只怕有心人。
二、 none与no one 的用法比较:
1) none作代词时,可以指人,是"一个人也没有"的意思。如:
The war broke out. All the people felt frightened but none had left there. 战争爆发后，人们很惶恐但是没有一个人人离开那儿。
另外,none后常接of短语,of后可接复数可数名词或代词,作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可;of后也可接不可数名词,这时谓语动词必须用单数形式。如:
Sorry, but none of us speaks/ speak English. 抱歉!我们没有一个人讲英语。
None of the money on the desk is mine. 桌上的那些钱都不是我的。
注意:none指的是三者或三者以上的人或物中"没有一个";如果指两者中"没有一个"应用neither。
请比较:
There are many apples in the basket, but none of them are fresh.
篮子里有很多苹果,但没有一个是新鲜的。
There are two apples on the plate, but neither of them is fresh.
盘子里有两个苹果,但没有一个是新鲜的。
2) no one= nobody 只指人,“没有人”，不能指物,语气比none强,后面不能接of构成的短语。no one作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数。如:
No one / Nobody likes a person with bad manners. 没有人喜欢不讲礼貌的人。
三、用于简略回答时,none用来回答How many... 或How much....引起的问句以及含"any (one) of 名词"构成的一般疑问句;
no one/ nobody用来回答 Who...问句及含anyone/anybody构成的一般疑问句;
而nothing则用来回答What...问句及含anything构成的一般疑问句。如:
① - How much water is there in the bottle? - None.
② - What's in your hand? - Nothing.
③ - Who will go to the party? - No one/ Nobody.
④ - Did any one of the passengers get injured in the accident? - No, none was injured.
⑤ - Do you have anything else to say for yourself? - No, nothing else.
⑥ - Did anyone want to attend the meeting? - No, no one/ nobody wanted to.