来自灵魂的一问：这两个文件有什么区别?

答：如果pom.xml中引入了spring-boot-configuration-processor包，则会自动生成spring-configuration-metadata.json。

如果需要手动修改里面的元数据，则可以在additional-spring-configuration-metadata.json中编辑，最终两个文件中的元数据会合并到一起。

MybatisProperties类是属性实体类：

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = MybatisProperties.MYBATIS_PREFIX) public class MybatisProperties { public static final String MYBATIS_PREFIX = "mybatis"; private String configLocation; private String[] mapperLocations; private String typeAliasesPackage; private String typeHandlersPackage; private boolean checkConfigLocation = false; private ExecutorType executorType; private Properties configurationProperties; @NestedConfigurationProperty private Configuration configuration; public String getConfigLocation() { return this.configLocation; } public void setConfigLocation(String configLocation) { this.configLocation = configLocation; } @Deprecated public String getConfig() { return this.configLocation; } @Deprecated public void setConfig(String config) { this.configLocation = config; } public String[] getMapperLocations() { return this.mapperLocations; } public void setMapperLocations(String[] mapperLocations) { this.mapperLocations = mapperLocations; } public String getTypeHandlersPackage() { return this.typeHandlersPackage; } public void setTypeHandlersPackage(String typeHandlersPackage) { this.typeHandlersPackage = typeHandlersPackage; } public String getTypeAliasesPackage() { return this.typeAliasesPackage; } public void setTypeAliasesPackage(String typeAliasesPackage) { this.typeAliasesPackage = typeAliasesPackage; } public boolean isCheckConfigLocation() { return this.checkConfigLocation; } public void setCheckConfigLocation(boolean checkConfigLocation) { this.checkConfigLocation = checkConfigLocation; } public ExecutorType getExecutorType() { return this.executorType; } public void setExecutorType(ExecutorType executorType) { this.executorType = executorType; } public Properties getConfigurationProperties() { return configurationProperties; } public void setConfigurationProperties(Properties configurationProperties) { this.configurationProperties = configurationProperties; } public Configuration getConfiguration() { return configuration; } public void setConfiguration(Configuration configuration) { this.configuration = configuration; } public Resource[] resolveMapperLocations() { ResourcePatternResolver resourceResolver = new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver(); List<Resource> resources = new ArrayList<Resource>(); if (this.mapperLocations != null) { for (String mapperLocation : this.mapperLocations) { try { Resource[] mappers = resourceResolver.getResources(mapperLocation); resources.addAll(Arrays.asList(mappers)); } catch (IOException e) { // ignore } } } return resources.toArray(new Resource[resources.size()]); } }

可以看到Mybatis初始化所需要的很多属性都在这里，相当于一个JavaBean。

下面重点看一下MybatisAutoConfiguration的代码：

@org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration @ConditionalOnClass({ SqlSessionFactory.class, SqlSessionFactoryBean.class }) @ConditionalOnBean(DataSource.class) @EnableConfigurationProperties(MybatisProperties.class) @AutoConfigureAfter(DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class) public class MybatisAutoConfiguration { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MybatisAutoConfiguration.class); private final MybatisProperties properties; private final Interceptor[] interceptors; private final ResourceLoader resourceLoader; private final DatabaseIdProvider databaseIdProvider; private final List<ConfigurationCustomizer> configurationCustomizers; public MybatisAutoConfiguration(MybatisProperties properties, ObjectProvider<Interceptor[]> interceptorsProvider, ResourceLoader resourceLoader, ObjectProvider<DatabaseIdProvider> databaseIdProvider, ObjectProvider<List<ConfigurationCustomizer>> configurationCustomizersProvider) { this.properties = properties; this.interceptors = interceptorsProvider.getIfAvailable(); this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader; this.databaseIdProvider = databaseIdProvider.getIfAvailable(); this.configurationCustomizers = configurationCustomizersProvider.getIfAvailable(); } @PostConstruct public void checkConfigFileexists() { if (this.properties.isCheckConfigLocation() && StringUtils.hasText(this.properties.getConfigLocation())) { Resource resource = this.resourceLoader.getResource(this.properties.getConfigLocation()); Assert.state(resource.exists(), "Cannot find config location: " resource " (please add config file or check your Mybatis configuration)"); } } @Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory(DataSource dataSource) throws Exception { SqlSessionFactoryBean factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); factory.setDataSource(dataSource); factory.setVfs(SpringBootVFS.class); if (StringUtils.hasText(this.properties.getConfigLocation())) { factory.setConfigLocation(this.resourceLoader.getResource(this.properties.getConfigLocation())); } Configuration configuration = this.properties.getConfiguration(); if (configuration == null && !StringUtils.hasText(this.properties.getConfigLocation())) { configuration = new Configuration(); } if (configuration != null && !CollectionUtils.isEmpty(this.configurationCustomizers)) { for (ConfigurationCustomizer customizer : this.configurationCustomizers) { customizer.customize(configuration); } } factory.setConfiguration(configuration); if (this.properties.getConfigurationProperties() != null) { factory.setConfigurationProperties(this.properties.getConfigurationProperties()); } if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(this.interceptors)) { factory.setPlugins(this.interceptors); } if (this.databaseIdProvider != null) { factory.setDatabaseIdProvider(this.databaseIdProvider); } if (StringUtils.hasLength(this.properties.getTypeAliasesPackage())) { factory.setTypeAliasesPackage(this.properties.getTypeAliasesPackage()); } if (StringUtils.hasLength(this.properties.getTypeHandlersPackage())) { factory.setTypeHandlersPackage(this.properties.getTypeHandlersPackage()); } if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(this.properties.resolveMapperLocations())) { factory.setMapperLocations(this.properties.resolveMapperLocations()); } return factory.getObject(); } @Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean public SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate(SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) { ExecutorType executorType = this.properties.getExecutorType(); if (executorType != null) { return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory, executorType); } else { return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory); } } public static class AutoConfiguredMapperScannerRegistrar implements BeanFactoryAware, ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar, ResourceLoaderAware { private BeanFactory beanFactory; private ResourceLoader resourceLoader; @Override public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) { ClassPathMapperScanner scanner = new ClassPathMapperScanner(registry); try { if (this.resourceLoader != null) { scanner.setResourceLoader(this.resourceLoader); } List<String> packages = AutoConfigurationPackages.get(this.beanFactory); if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { for (String pkg : packages) { logger.debug("Using auto-configuration base package '{}'", pkg); } } scanner.setAnnotationClass(Mapper.class); scanner.registerFilters(); scanner.doScan(StringUtils.toStringArray(packages)); } catch (IllegalStateException ex) { logger.debug("Could not determine auto-configuration package, automatic mapper scanning disabled.", ex); } } @Override public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException { this.beanFactory = beanFactory; } @Override public void setResourceLoader(ResourceLoader resourceLoader) { this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader; } } @org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration @Import({ AutoConfiguredMapperScannerRegistrar.class }) @ConditionalOnMissingBean(MapperFactoryBean.class) public static class MapperScannerRegistrarNotFoundConfiguration { @PostConstruct public void afterPropertiesSet() { logger.debug("No {} found.", MapperFactoryBean.class.getName()); } } }

这个类就是一个Configuration（配置类），它里面定义很多bean，其中最重要的就是SqlSessionFactory的bean实例，该实例是Mybatis的核心功能，用它创建SqlSession，对数据库进行CRUD操作。

除此之外，MybatisAutoConfiguration类还包含了：

• @ConditionalOnClass 配置了只有包含SqlSessionFactory.class和SqlSessionFactoryBean.class，该配置类才生效。
• @ConditionalOnBean 配置了只有包含dataSource实例时，该配置类才生效。
• @EnableConfigurationProperties 该注解会自动填充MybatisProperties实例中的属性。
• AutoConfigureAfter 配置了该配置类在DataSourceAutoConfiguration类之后自动配置。

这些注解都是一些辅助功能，决定Configuration是否生效，当然这些注解不是必须的。

接下来，重点看看spring.factories文件有啥内容：

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\ org.mybatis.spring.boot.autoconfigure.MybatisAutoConfiguration

里面只有一行配置，即key为EnableAutoConfiguration，value为MybatisAutoConfiguration。

好了，介绍了这么多东西，现在我们来总结一下，

starter几个要素如下图所示：

那么，编写starter需要哪些步骤?

• 1.需要定义一个名称为xxx-spring-boot-starter的空项目，里面不包含任何代码，可以有pom.xml和pom.properties文件。
• 2.pom.xml文件中包含了名称为xxx-spring-boot-autoconfigure的项目。
• 3.xxx-spring-boot-autoconfigure项目中包含了名称为xxxAutoConfiguration的类，该类可以定义一些bean实例。当然，Configuration类上可以打一些如：ConditionalOnClass、ConditionalOnBean、EnableConfigurationProperties等注解。
• 4.需要在spring.factories文件中增加key为EnableAutoConfiguration，value为xxxAutoConfiguration。

我们试着按照这四步，自己编写一个starter看看能否成功，验证一下总结的内容是否正确。

该项目名称为id-generate-starter，注意为了方便我把项目重命名了，原本应该是叫id-generate-spring-boot-starter的，如下图所示：

pom.xml文件定义如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <version>1.3.1</version> <groupId>com.sue</groupId> <artifactId>id-generate-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <name>id-generate-spring-boot-starter</name> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.sue</groupId> <artifactId>id-generate-spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>

我们看到，它只引入了id-generate-spring-boot-autoconfigure。当然如果有需要这里还可以引入多个autoconfigure或者多个其他jar包或者。

同样为了方便我把项目重命名了，原本是叫id-generate-spring-boot-autoconfigure，如下图所示：

该项目当中包含：pom.xml、spring.factories、IdGenerateAutoConfiguration、IdGenerateService 和 IdProperties 这5个关键文件，下面我们逐一看看。

先从pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <version>1.3.1</version> <groupId>com.sue</groupId> <artifactId>id-generate-spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId> <name>id-generate-spring-boot-autoconfigure</name> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <target>1.8</target> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>

我们可以看到，这个文件比较简单就引入了：

• spring-boot-starter：springboot的相关jar包。
• spring-boot-autoconfigure：springboot自动配置相关jar包。
• spring-boot-configuration-processor：springboot生成IDE提示功能相关jar包。

重点看看spring.factories文件：

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=com.sue.IdGenerateAutoConfiguration

它里面只包含一行配置，其中key是EnableAutoConfiguration，value是IdGenerateAutoConfiguration。

再重点看一下IdGenerateAutoConfiguration

@ConditionalOnClass(IdProperties.class) @EnableConfigurationProperties(IdProperties.class) @Configuration public class IdGenerateAutoConfiguration { @Autowired private IdProperties properties; @Bean public IdGenerateService idGenerateService() { return new IdGenerateService(properties.getWorkId()); } }

该类是一个使用了@Configuration注解标记为了配置类，生效的条件是@ConditionalOnClass注解中检测到包含IdProperties.class。并且使用@EnableConfigurationProperties注解会自动注入IdProperties的实例。

此外，最关键的点是该类里面创建了idGenerateService的bean实例，这是自动配置的精髓。

再看看IdGenerateService

public class IdGenerateService { private Long workId; public IdGenerateService(Long workId) { this.workId = workId; } public Long generate() { return new Random().nextInt(100) this.workId; } }

我们可以看到它是一个普通的类，甚至都没有使用@Service注解，里面有个generate方法，根据workId的值和随机数动态生成id。

最后看看IdProperties

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = IdProperties.PREFIX) public class IdProperties { public static final String PREFIX = "sue"; private Long workId; public Long getWorkId() { return workId; } public void setWorkId(Long workId) { this.workId = workId; } }

它是一个配置实体类，里面包含了相关的配置文件。使用@ConfigurationProperties注解，会自动把application.properties文件中以sue开通的，参数名称跟IdProperties中一样的参数值，自动注入到IdProperties对象中。

这个项目主要用于测试。