比较级、最高级变化一览表

规则变化

1. 单音节以及少数双音节的词尾加上 “er” “est” 构成比较级、最高级：

bright（明亮的）—brighter—brightest

broad（广阔的）—broader—broadest

cheap（便宜的）—cheaper—cheapest

clean（干净的）—cleaner—cleanest

clever（聪明的）—cleverer—cleverest

cold（寒冷的）—colder—coldest

cool（凉的）—cooler—coolest

dark（黑暗的）—darker—darkest

dear（贵的）—dearer—dearest

deep（深的）—deeper—deepest

fast（迅速的）—faster—fastest

few（少的）—fewer—fewest

great（伟大的）—greater—greatest

hard（困难的，硬的）—harder—hardest

high（高的）—higher—highest

kind（善良的）—kinder—kindest

light（轻的）—lighter—lightest

long（长的）—longer—longest

loud（响亮的）—louder—loudest

low（低的）—lower—lowest

near（近的）—nearer—nearest

new（新的）—newer—newest

poor（穷的）—poorer—poorest

quick（快的）—quicker—quickest

quiet（安静的）—quieter—quietest

rich（富裕的）—richer—richest

short（短的）—shorter—shortest

slow（慢的）—slower—slowest

small（小的）—smaller—smallest

smart（聪明的）—smarter—smartest

soft（柔软的）—softer—softest

strong（强壮的）—stronger—strongest

sweet（甜的）—sweeter—sweetest

tall（高的）-taller - tallest

thick（厚的）—thicker—thickest

warm（温暖的）—warmer—warmest

weak（弱的）—weaker—weakest

young（年轻的）—younger—youngest

2以一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词（即重读闭音节词），双写结尾的辅音字母er，-est

big（大的）—bigger—biggest

fat（胖的）—fatter—fattest

hot（热的）—hotter—hottest

red（红的）—redder—reddest

sad（伤心的）—sadder—saddest

thin（瘦的）—thinner—thinnest

wet（湿的）—wetter—wettest

mad（疯的）—madder—maddest

特别提醒：new, few, slow, clean等词含有字母组合，且发的是长元音，不用双写。

3.以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词，加上 “r” “st” 构成比较级、最高级：

able（能*）—abler—ablest

brave（勇敢的）—braver—bravest

close（接近的）—closer—closest

fine（好的，完美的）—finer—finest

large（巨大的）—larger—largest

late（迟的）—later—latest

nice（好的）—nicer—nicest

ripe（成熟的）—riper—ripest

rude（粗鲁的）—ruder—rudest

safe（安全的）—safer—safest

strange（奇怪的）—stranger—strangest

wide（宽广的）—wider—widest

wise（睿智的，聪明的）—wiser—wisest

white（白的）—whiter—whitest

4. “以辅音字母 y”结尾的词改y为i，再加-er, -est

busy（忙碌的）—busier—busiest

dirty（脏的）—dirtier—dirtiest

dry（干燥的）—drier—driest

early（早的）—earlier—earliest

easy（容易的）—easier—easiest

friendly（友好的）—friendlier—friendliest

funny（好玩的）—funnier—funniest

happy（开心的）—happier—happiest

healthy（健康的）—healthier—healthiest

heavy（重的）—heavier—heaviest

hungry（饿的）—hungrier—hungriest

lazy（懒惰的）—lazier—laziest

lucky（幸运的）—luckier—luckiest

naughty（调皮的）—naughtier—naughtiest

noisy（嘈杂的）—noisier—noisiest

pretty（美丽的）—prettier—prettiest

silly（傻的）—sillier—silliest

spicy（辣的）—spicier—spiciest

thirsty（渴的）—thirstier—thirstiest

ugly（丑的）—uglier—ugliest

5.双音节、多音节形容词(即音标中含有三个或三个以上元音音素的词)，在单词前面加上 “more” “most” 构成比较级、最高级：

afraid（害怕的）—more afraid—most afraid

beautiful（美丽的）—more beautiful—most beautiful

careful（仔细的）—more careful—most careful

cheerful（开心的）—more cheerful—most cheerful

crowded（拥挤的）—more crowded—most crowded

dangerous（危险的）—more dangerous—most dangerous

delicious（美味的）—more delicious—most delicious

difficult（困难的）—more difficult—most difficult

exciting（令人兴奋的）—more exciting—most exciting

expensive（昂贵的）—more expensive—most expensive

famous（著名的）—more famous—most famous

frightened（受惊的）—more frightened—most frightened

frightening（令人害怕的）—more frightening—most frightening

hard-working（勤奋的）—more hard-working—most hard-working

helpful（有帮助的）—more helpful—most helpful

honest（诚实的）—more honest—most honest

important（重要的）—more important—most important

interesting（有趣的）—more interesting—most interesting

polite（有礼貌的）—more polite—most polite

terrible（可怕的）—more terrible—most terrible

tired（累的）—more tired—most tired

特别提醒：以形容前缀un构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，

如：unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest, untidy-untidier-untidiest

6. 以形容词 ly构成的副词要在前面加 more，most

Slowly-more slowly-most slowly quickly-more quickly-most quickly

特别提醒：early -earlier-earliest

7. 由ing分词和-ed分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级。

interesting- more interesting -most interesting

excited- more excited - most exciting

tired- more tired - most tired

boring-more boring -most boring

不规则变化

bad（坏的）—worse—worst

far（远的）—farther—farthest (far—further—furthest)

good（好的）—better—best

ill（病的）—worse—worst

little（少的）—less—least

many（多的）—more—most

much（多的）—more—most

old（年老的）—older—oldest ( old—elder—eldest)

well（好的，身体好的）—better—best

特别提醒：

◇further不仅可以指“距离更远”，还可指“程度更深”。记住以下三个词组：further study(进修)

further education(继续教育) further information (进一步的信息)

◇elder仅用于同辈之间的排行，如: elder sister(姐姐) elder brother (哥哥)

◇less作为“更少”仅用来修饰不可数名词，修饰可数名词表示“更少”要用fewer。