分词(doing, having done, done, being done, having been done)在句中做状语，修饰谓语动词或是整个句子，表示动作发生的原因、时间、伴随方式、结果、条件、让步等。

一、分词作状语表原因

Being bankrupt, the company couldn't pay the workers.

公司*，付不起工人工资。

Blocked in a traffic accident, he couldn't get there in time.

因为他被困一起交通事故,所以不能及时赶到那里。

二、分词作状语表时间

Having finished his homework, he went to play basketball.

完成作业后，他去打篮球了。

Accepting the Valentine's Day gift, she felt so satisfied.

收到情人节礼物后，她觉得非常开心。

三、分词作状语表伴随方式

Laughing and jumping, he went into the cinema.

他笑着跳着走进了电影院。

He drove so fast，chatting with his friends.

他和朋友聊着天，开得非常快。

四、分词作状语表结果

Her boss blamed her in public, making her rather embarrassed.

她的老板当众指责她，使她非常尴尬。

Bearish speculators dumped their stocks, damaging the normal order of stock market.

利空投资者抛售他们的股票，打乱了股票市场的正常秩序。

五、分词作状语表条件

Sticking to the plan, you will get through the crisis.

按计划行事，你将度过危机。

Walking ahead, you will find a better way.

一直往前走，你会发现一条更好的路。

六、分词作状语表让步

Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake.

即使被告知了好几次，他还是犯同样的错误。

Moving to a better school, he is still not able to study well.

即使转到一所更好的学校，他还是不能学好。

注意：分词在句中做状语的基本原则是：

1、分词的逻辑主语必须和句子的主语保持一致。

2、分词做状语必须和句中的主语还有逻辑上的主谓或是动宾关系。