考点三：非谓语动词 主要考查不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词。如：

【例1】The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ________ (improve) water quality.

解析：考查动词不定式。“改善水质”是“种植玉米”的目的，故用动词不定式to improve。

【例2】Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ________ (stay) and watch.

解析：考查动词不定式。allow sb. to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，故填to stay。

【例3】China’s approach to protecting its environment while ________ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.

解析：考查动词-ing形式。China与feed是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用“连词 动词-ing形式”结构作时间状语，故填feeding。

【例4】You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ________ (die) early by running.

解析：考查动词-ing形式。设空处作介词of的宾语，且与其逻辑主语You之间是主谓关系，故用其动词-ing形式的主动式，故填dying。

【例5】I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ________ (look) directly into his eyes ...

解析：考查动词-ing形式。avoid后接动词-ing形式作宾语，故填looking。

【例6】I was the first Western TV reporter ________ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.

解析：考查过去分词。reporter与permit之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用其过去分词作后置定语，修饰reporter，故填permitted。

考点四：形容词和副词 主要考查形容词和副词的基本用法以及形容词、副词的比较等级。如：

【例1】Running is cheap, easy and it’s always ________ (energy).

解析：考查形容词作表语的用法。系动词is后接形容词作表语，故填energy的形容词形式energetic。

【例2】A taste for meat is ________ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.

解析：考查副词作状语的用法。设空处修饰系动词is，故填副词actually。

【例3】According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ________ (long) than non-runners.

解析：考查形容词的比较级。由句中的than可知，此处是runners与non-runners作比较，故填longer。

【例4】He screams the ________ (loud) of all.

解析：考查副词的最高级。由表示比较范围的of all可知，应用最高级loudest。

2. 无提示词

这种形式考查的内容主要是冠词、介词、连词、关系词和固定结构等。因为没有提示词，所以考生需要根据一些固定结构、短文大意、上下文的逻辑关系以及对一些长难句结构的分析来确定所填内容。

考点一：冠词 主要考查冠词的基本用法及短语中的冠词。如：

Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ________ top of her lungs.

解析：at the top of one’s lungs 意为“以最大的嗓音”，故填the。

考点二：介词 主要考查介词的基本用法和短语中的介词。如：

I was searching ________ these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing.

解析：search for意为“搜寻”，故填for。

考点三：连词 包括并列连词和从属连词。如：

In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, ______ Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.

解析：In much of Asia, especially ... Vietnam作地点状语，especially ... Vietnam补充说明前面的内容。China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam都是亚洲国家，它们之间是并列关系，故填并列连词and。

考点四：连接词 包括连接代词和连接副词。如：

I’m not sure ________ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.

解析：设空处引导宾语从句且在从句中作主语，表示 “谁”，故填连接代词who。

考点五：关系词 关键在于分析句子结构并找出先行词。如：

【例1】Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ________ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ...

解析：设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰a study，且在从句中作主语，故填which / that。

【例2】Many westerners ________ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap ... can be to eat out.

解析：设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词westerners，且在从句中作主语，故填who / that。

考点六：固定结构 包括固定短语和句型。如：

Pahlsson screamed ________ loudly that her daughter came running from the house.

解析：分析句子结构可知，此处考查so ... that ...句型，意为“如此……以致于……”，故填so。

责编 | 杨宁

审稿 | 李栋

校稿 | 吕放

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