大学英语语法 之 过去将来完成进行时

过去将来完成进行时是英语中的一种时态，它常常用来描述在过去某个时间点之前正在进行的行为，而且这个行为将来某个时间点仍然会持续进行。

一、句子结构：would have been 动词现在分词

二、过去将来完成进行时的基本用法
过去将来完成进行时表动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去将来某一时间。动作是否继续下去，由上下文决定。过去将来完成时用的比较少，通常主要用于转述方面。
e.g.I knew by that time he would have been working there for 30 years.
三、过去将来完成进行时句子结构：

1.肯定句should/would have been v-ing；

2.否定句should/would not have been v-ing；

3.疑问句 将should/would提至主语前

四、过去将来完成时的其他用法：

1.间接引语与过去将来完成进行时

在间接引语中，若主句为过去时态，则用于宾语从句中的间接引语则要把将来完成进行时改为过去将来完成进行时。
e.g.She told me she’d have been teaching in that university for 20 years by that summer.
2.过去将来完成进行时与虚拟语气
在特定的语境中，有时过去将来完成进行时用在虚拟语气中。
e.g.If Tom’s boy had not been there I would have been sitting in front.

3.过去将来完成进行时的情态意义

“would have been 现在分词”结构除用于表示过去将来完成进行时外，有时其中的 would 也可能是情态动词，具有情态意义，比较表示推测或猜想等。
e.g.“What interesting job have you found?” Helen asked him; he knew she would have been thinking about it.

五、过去将来完成时和过去将来完成进行时的区别：

1.过去将来完成时表示从过去的某个时间来看将来已经完成的动作或达到的状态。

e.g.He knew he would have finished his work by then.

2.过去将来完成进行时表示从过去的某个时间来看将来从过去的某个时间开始一直持续到将来的某个时间，并且仍有可能继续下去。

e.g.He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.

跟踪练习

1.I heard by July you_____here for ten years.(teach)

2.He said that by the end of this winter, he_____as a teacher for 5 years.(work)

3.She said that by the end of last weekend, she_____ the book for 2 weeks.(read)

4.She told me she_____in that university for 20 years by that summer.(teach)

5.Tom said he_____for two weeks by next Tuesday.(travel)

6.We thought they_____physical training till then.(do)

7.He said that by the end of the spring term he_____English for three years.(study)

8.Latterly, they_____Virgin books, watching Virgin videos and Virgin films.(read)
9.Maybe we, it may well be that you were with other people, I wonder what sort of things if you were in a condition of speaking, what sort of things you_____to them.(say)
10.New York was swathed in sunlight and the heat_____had it not been for a gentle easterly breeze blowing in from the Atlantic.(stifle)

答案：

1.would have been teaching 2.would have been working 3.would have been reading

4.would have been teaching 5.would have been travelling 6.would have been doing

7.would have been studying 8.would have been reading 9.would have been saying

10.would have been stifling