Disturb means to bother or annoy (usually people). When you are disturbed, you get distracted (分心) from doing something but you are still able to keep doing it.

Disturb是打扰、烦扰的意思。程度轻。

Example:

Don't disturb the baby when he is sleeping.

当那个婴儿睡着的时候不要去打扰他。

Disrupt means breaking into the process of something. When you are disrupted, you have to stop doing what you are doing now. “Disrupt” is more “destructive”(破坏性的) than “disturb.” It has strong negative(消极的) connotation(含意).

Disrupt是使中断、破坏的意思。意味着被中断后很难再继续了。

Interrupt means to stop somebody from doing something, but the previous actions will continue once the interruption is done. It shows neutral(中性的) connotation(含意) without happy or unhappy feeling.

Interrupt是打断的意思。意味着被中断的活动在插进来的活动完成后还会再继续进行下去。

The difference between disruption and interruption is that interrupt means the previous actions will continue once the interruption finished, but, a disruption usually means the previous actions cannot continue.

Example:

A poker(扑克) game can be interrupted when the phone rings, and disrupted when an angry player overturns the card table.

扑克牌游戏可因为有人接听电话而暂时中断，可因为有人掀翻桌子而彻底终止。

Bus service could be interrupted if a bus breaks down; it might be disrupted if all of the bus drivers go on strike (罢工).

公共交通服务可由于一辆车故障而暂时中断，可由于公交司机集体罢工而彻底瘫痪。