对比现在完成进行时与现在完成时

现在完成时和现在完成进行时

先看几个例句。

• Do you know if Peter has called?
• My manager won’t be pleased because I still haven’t finished the report.
• Have you sent that email yet?
• We’re really tired. We’ve been driving since 4 o'clock this morning.
• How long have you been studying English?
• The bus hasn't come. I've been waiting here for ages.

现在完成时的构成为have 过去分词。

• I’ve never been to Africa.

现在完成进行时的构成为 have been -ing 形式（现在分词）

• It’s been raining since ten o’clock this morning.

我们用现在完成时连接过去和现在。

• The cafe has just opened. (= It is open now.)
• People have been arriving in large numbers. (= They are still arriving now.)

当某事从过去开始并持续到现在，或者重复到现在时，我们通常可以用一般现在完成时或现在完成进行时来连用since或for。

• We’ve lived/’ve been living here for about a year now.
• I’ve listened/been listening to the new album a lot since I downloaded it.

现在完成时对比现在完成进行时

我们用一般现在完成时来关注一个动作的结果，用现在完成进行时来关注这个动作本身。

• I've been practising this piece for weeks but still haven't learned it.

我们用一般现在完成时来谈论how much或how many。当我们关注某事花了多长时间时，我们使用现在完成进行时。

• I've done three tests this term.
• We've seen that show three times.
• I've been working on this project for a month now. I need to finish it by the end of the week.

我们用一般现在完成时来谈论某事发生了多少次。但是我们用现在完成进行时来表示重复的动作，但我们不能明确地说它们发生了多少次。我们经常在这些句子中使用all day和recent这样的短语。

• We've seen that show three times.
• I've been trying to contact him all morning.

我们通常使用一般现在完成时，而不是现在完成进行时，用be, have, know, seem这样的动词来谈论状态而不是动作。

• We’ve known each other since university. We've been knowing each other since university.
• She’s had that laptop for over ten years! She's been having that laptop for over ten years!

我们经常使用一般现在完成时，而不是现在完成进行时来第一次宣布消息。

• Have you heard? Tom’s lost his job.
• The Prime Minister has resigned.