肺间质和肺实质示意图（肺间质结构图解）

70岁男性细支气管肺泡癌的胸部HRCT：1年内铺路石征的演变

综上所述，胸部CT中的铺路石征是一种特殊但不特异的影像学特征，多见于各种病原体引起的肺部感染、间质性肺病、急性呼吸窘迫综合征、肺水肿、血管炎或肺出血等疾病。具有铺路石征的大多数疾病可根据临床和影像学表现进行诊断，但少数病例需要通过活检才能明确诊断。

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