1.1.作定语

1.1.1.所表示意义

1.1.1.1.He is a teacher loved by his students

1.1.1.2.The wind suept the fallen leaces

1.1.1.3.Her daughter brought up by me has begun to work

1.1.2.位置

1.1.2.1.单个前置、属特殊情况外（the time left，the people concerned）

1.1.2.2.短语后置

1.1.3.三种形式

1.1.3.1.The bridge constructed ten years ago is under repair now

1.1.3.2.The bridge being constructed now will link the village to that town

1.1.3.3.The bridge to be constructed next year will be of great importance

1.2.作表语

1.2.1.常见系动词：be/get/feel/remain/seem/look/become/turn等，表状态

1.2.1.1.Form now on I will not be discouraged in the face of failure

1.2.2.过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别

1.2.2.1.The window is broken

1.2.2.2.The window was broken by Tom

1.2.2.3.We are seated(seat) in the classroom waiting for our new teacher to turn up

1.2.3.现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别

1.2.3.1.Hie words were discouraged(discourage),which made many people discouraged(discourage)

1.2.3.2.The man standing there looks frightened and the little boy is frightened(frighten)

1.2.3.3.The puzzled look on her face suggested that she was puzzled(puzzle)

1.3.Only

1.3.1.Only then did he realize he was weong

1.3.2.Only in this way can you finish it well

1.3.3.Only when he arrived home did he realize what had happened

1.3.4.only adv/介词短语/状语从句，放在句首以示强调时，主句要用部分倒装（一般疑问句）

1.4.With

1.4.1.with the door open-adj

1.4.2.with the book in my hand-介词短语

1.4.3.with the teacher in-adv

1.4.4.with a baby sleeping in her arms-doing(主动.进行）

1.4.5.with so much homework to do-to do(尚未发生）

1.4.6.with the building constructed-done(被动完成）