英语不规则动词有什么用（英语中不规则动词用法大全）

How to Use Irregular Verbs

英语不规则动词有什么用,英语中不规则动词用法大全(1)

不规则动词是指不遵循正常时态和过去分词模式的动词。虽然大多数英语规则动词的过去式和分词形式都以“-ed”结尾，但不规则动词都有自己独特的时态和过去分词。

不规则动词是现代英语中最难的部分之一，因为它们都有点不同。由于没有公式，说英语的人别无选择，只能记住每一个单词，以及它们特殊的动词形式。

为了帮助你，下面我们列出了常见的不规则动词及其时态形式，并简要解释了它们是什么以及如何使用。

What are irregular verbs?

你可以说不规则动词是“遵循自己的规则”的动词。规则动词遵循现代英语的标准语法规则，加“-ed”或“-d”构成过去时和过去分词形式。然而，当不规则动词作为一个句子的主动词时，它们的不同动词形式是完全原创的。(提醒一下:过去分词是现在完成时的形式。)

为了让你明白我们的意思，让我们“跳舞”和“唱歌”吧!这对组合是一个很好的例子，可以看出它们的区别:“dance”是规则动词，而“sing”是不规则动词。

结合“dance”，没有什么大的惊喜或技巧;你只需要使用和大多数其他动词相同的公式。要创建简单过去时和过去分词形式，只需添加“-ed”，或者在本例中只添加“-d”，因为基本形式已经以e结尾。

Base	Simple Past Tense	Past Participle
dance	danced	danced

然而，“Sing”是不规则的，所以正常的规则不起作用。你不能用" singed "，因为这是这个动词的错误形式。相反，“sing”既有独特的过去式，也有独特的过去分词形式。要知道如何变位“唱”，唯一的方法就是记住它的特殊形式。

Base	Simple Past Tense	Past Participle
sing	sang	sung

在实践中，你可以用这样的词形来结尾:

We sang and danced all night.

I have sung opera before, but I have never danced to it.

She prefers music sung by professionals.

不管动词是规则的还是不规则的，一般现在时的变化都是一样的。这包括在第三人称单数时加“-s”或“-es”。注意某些例外情况，比如动词“Be”，也有特殊的现在时形式。

Base	Present Tense	Simple Past Participle	Past Participle
be	am, is, are	was, were	been

像“be”一样，很多其他连系动词也是不规则的，比如“become”和“feel”。而且，不规则动词既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词，也可以用作祈使动词。

Strong vs. weak verbs

不规则动词和规则动词经常与强动词和弱动词混淆，尽管它们非常相似。

强动词是指在过去时态中改变元音的动词，比如“sing”中的i在过去时态中变成了a。另一方面，弱动词在过去时态中元音保持不变，比如dance中的a。

记住这些规则，我们可以看到所有强动词都是不规则的。这种混淆来自弱动词，因为一些弱动词也是不规则的。不规则弱动词最常见的一个例子是“sleep”:

Base	Simple Past Tense	Past Participle
sleep	slept	slept

虽然“sleep”有自己特殊的过去式和过去分词形式(“slept”)，但它仍然以e为主要元音，使其成为弱动词。

同样，完全不变的不规则动词，如“bet”或“spread”，也是弱动词。你可以在下面找到一个完整的不规则动词不变列表。

List of irregular verbs in English

想要英语不规则动词列表?下面我们列出了常见的不规则动词，以帮助你学习，并为你提供一个快速参考资源，以防你后来忘记了一个(注意，下图中的动词过去时是美式英语的形式;在英式英语中有一些不同)。

我们不列出不规则动词的动词时态，只提到一般过去时和过去分词形式，以及词根。你所做的任何动词变位都将使用这三种形式之一。

请注意，带前缀的不规则动词(例如“resell”或“undo”)使用与它们的基础词相同的不规则形式(例如“resold”或“undid”)。

此外，你会注意到一些不规则动词根本不会改变——基本时态、一般过去时和过去分词形式都是同一个词。

Base	Simple Past Tense	Past Participle
arise	arose	arisen
awake	awoke	awoken
be	was/were	been
bear	bore	borne
beat	beat	beaten
become	became	become
begin	began	begun
bend	bent	bent
bet	bet	bet
bind	bound	bound
bid	bid	bid
bite	bit	bitten
bleed	bled	bled
blow	blew	blown
break	broke	broken
breed	bred	bred
bring	brought	brought
broadcast	broadcast	broadcast
build	built	built
burst	burst	burst
buy	bought	bought
cast	cast	cast
catch	caught	caught
choose	chose	chosen
cling	clung	clung
come	came	come
cost	cost	cost
creep	crept	crept
cut	cut	cut
deal	dealt	dealt
dig	dug	dug
dive	dove/dived	dived
do	did	done
draw	drew	drawn
dream	dreamed (sometimes “dreamt”)	dreamed (sometimes “dreamt”)
drink	drank	drunk
drive	drove	driven
eat	ate	eaten
fall	fell	fallen
feed	fed	fed
feel	felt	felt
fight	fought	fought
find	found	found
flee	fled	fled
fling	flung	flung
flt	flew	flown
forbid	forbade	forbidden
forget	forgot	forgotten
forgive	forgave	forgiven
freeze	froze	frozen
get	got	got
give	gave	given
go	went	gone
grind	ground	ground
grow	grew	grown
hang	hung (sometimes “hanged”)	hung (sometimes “hanged”)
have	had	had
hear	heard	heard
hide	hid	hidden
hit	hit	hit
hold	held	held
hurt	hurt	hurt
keep	kept	kept
kneel	knelt	knelt
know	knew	known
lay	laid	laid
lead	led	led
leave	left	left
lend	lent	lent
let	let	let
lie (as in “lie down”)	lay	lain
light	lit/lighted	lit/lighted
lose	lost	lost
make	made	made
mean	meant	meant
meet	met	met
mistake	mistook	mistaken
mow	mowed	mown/mowed
overtake	overtook	overtaken
pay	paid	paid
proofread	proofread	proofread
put	put	put
quit	quit	quit
read	read	read
reset	reset	reset
ride	rode	ridden
ring	rang	rung
rise	rose	risen
run	ran	run
say	said	said
see	saw	seen
seek	sought	sought
sell	sold	sold
send	sent	sent
set	set	set
sew	sewed	sewn/sewed
shake	shook	shaken
shave	shaved	shaven
shed	shed	shed
shine	shone	shone
shoot	shot	shot
show	showed	shown
shrink	shrank	shrunk
shut	shut	shut
sing	sang	sung
sink	sank	sunk
sit	sat	sat
slay	slew	slain
sleep	slept	slept
slide	slid	slid
sling	slung	slung
sneak	snuck (sometimes “sneaked“)	snuck (sometimes “sneaked”)
sow	sowed	sown/sowed
speak	spoke	spoken
speed	sped	sped
spend	spent	spent
spill	spilt/spilled	spilt/spilled
spin	spun	spun
spit	spat	spat
split	split	split
spread	spread	spread
spring	sprang	sprung
stand	stood	stood
steal	stole	stolen
stick	stuck	stuck
sting	stung	stung
stink	stank	stunk
strike	struck	struck
string	strung	strung
strive	strove	striven
swear	swore	sworn
sweep	swept	swept
swell	swelled	swollen/swelled
swim	swam	swum
swing	swung	swung
take	took	taken
teach	taught	taught
tear	tore	torn
think	thought	thought
throw	threw	thrown
thrust	thrust	thrust
tread	trod	trodden
understand	understood	understood
upset	upset	upset
wake	woke	woken
wear	wore	worn
weave	wove	worn
weave	wove	woven
weep	wept	wept
wet	wet/wetted	wet/wetted
win	won	won
wind	wound	wound
wring	wrung	wrung
write	wrote	written

Common irregular verbs that don’t change

大多数动词，包括规则动词和不规则动词，有不同时态的不同动词形式。我们增加字母或改变拼写来帮助交流;它帮助听者或读者理解你是在谈论现在、过去还是未来。

然而，某些动词根本不改变动词形式。现在、过去和过去分词形式使用相同的单词和相同的拼写。因为这些单词不遵循正常的规则，所以它们也被认为是不规则的。

你可以在上面的图表中找到这些词，但为了加快你的搜索速度，我们也将它们包括在下面的列表中:

bet
bid
broadcast
burst
cast
cost
cut
hit
hurt
let
proofread (see “read”)
put
read (past and past participle are spelled the same but pronounced differently)
reset
set
shed
shut
split
spread
thrust
upset
wet