④举例说明法（development by exemplification/illustration也叫例证法）

我们在使用举例说明法进行写作时，通常可使用一个主题句，直截了当地阐述自己的观点，然后运用一些具体事例来对其进行说明。所列举的事例一般是能使读者感受到的具体的事情，并有助于说明主题句所要表达的思想。如：

My Lovely Teacher

Now I want to say something about my middle school teacher of English. She’s a well-dressed middle-aged woman. She likes me very much although I’m the most naughty student in her class. Sometimes, I like to do something to make her unhappy, such as talking loudly, sleeping or eating at her class. But she seldom feels angry. Instead of scolding or punishing me, she often does what she can to make me get rid of my bad habits.

One day when I was sleeping at her class, she touched me softly and called me gently, and I woke up suddenly from my wonderful dream.

“What does the passage talk about, Lulu?” she smiled.

“A story about deer and wolf,” I answered with the help of my desk-mate.

“What is the relation between deer and wolf? Does the deer eat the wolf, or the wolf eat the deer?” she asked in a low voice.

All my classmates stared at me, wondering what I would say to answer this strange question.

“The deer eats the wolf, of course!” I shouted, “PENG Lulu eats the wolf!”(In Chinese, “deer” and “lu” have the same pronunciation. And PENG Lulu is my own name.)

“That’s great! You’re right! Now sit down, please!”

At that time, nobody could control himself, and the whole class burst out laughing.

Oh, my God, this is my lovely teacher, and I’m her lovely student.

本文作者采用幽默的笔调并运用一个详细的事例说明自己的英语老师是如何正确引导学生，又是何等的幽默。

我们再看一个例子：

A Good Friend

When studying at the middle school, I made friends with LI Fang. She is a very helpful and patient girl. And she is always ready to help others, of course, including me.

In the spring of 2003, SARS was popular all over China. Many people were frightened. They all took some medicine to prevent SARS from spreading. At that time, I was at school. My home was far away from the school, so I had no medicine to take. I was very nervous, and couldn’t concentrate on my study.

One evening after class, my best friend, LI Fang, walked to my seat and said: “Give me your cup.”

“Why?” I was surprised.

“You only need to give it to me. Then you have nothing else to do.” she continued, pointing to my cup with her right hand.

At last, I gave her my cup, but I was still wondering what she was going to do with it.

But when coming into the classroom the next morning, I saw, on my desk, my cup, which I gave LI Fang the evening before, filled with some medicine. Suddenly I realized what had happened.

I walked towards her, saying “Thanks a lot.” She only said: “We are friends.” There was a big smile on her face, but my eyes were full of tears.

Now, we are in different cities, and I miss her very much. We often write letters to each other, sharing our happiness and troubles.

I think I am the happiest person in the world because I have such a kind-hearted friend as LI Fang.

本文作者首先提出中心论点a helpful and patient friend，接着就采用例证法，以自己的亲身经历为例阐明中心论点。文中最后一句是对全文的总结。

资料来源：李华田主编《四级写作》，新大学英语四、六级考点透视丛书/李华田主编，武汉大学出版社，2006